How will new H-1B fees impact rural hospitals?

On September 19, 2025, an executive order increased the fee for new H-1B petitions from approximately $3500 to $100 000 per applicant. How is this policy likely to impact the healthcare workforce in the U.S.? A paper by Liu et al. (2025) uses Department of Labor data on certified Labor Condition Applications (LCAs) supporting H-1B visas…

Challenges faced by rural hospitals

That is the topic of a commentary by Carroll et al. (2022) in Health Services Research. The first issue they discuss is access to care. A core challenge in rural communities is declining access to hospital care. Eight percent of rural hospitals have closed over the last decade, and closure rates have increased in recent…

Impact of hospital closures on rural economies

Not surprisingly, the impact is significant. That is according to a study by Malone et al. (2022), estimated using a difference-in-difference design with data between 2001 and 2018. Specifically, they find: Of the 1759 nonmetro counties in our study sample, 109 experienced a hospital closure during the study period. Relative to the nonclosure counterfactual, closures…